https://novelhort.guilan.ac.ir/ Novel Hort Research en daily 1 Mon, 27 May 2024 00:00:00 +0330 Mon, 27 May 2024 00:00:00 +0330 https://novelhort.guilan.ac.ir/article_7772.html Shirazi thyme is one of Iran's most consumed and exported medicinal plants. Studies have shown that the plant has the effects of increasing immunity, pain relief, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antibacterial, antiviral, disinfectant, and antifungal. The high price, high sales, and indiscriminate and unprincipled harvesting of this plant from the southern pastures of Iran have endangered the survival of this valuable plant, therefore the cultivation of this plant has been put on the agenda. In this regard, the aim of the present research is to compare the quantity and quality of the essential oil of the ecological and agricultural samples of this species. Extraction of essential oils from the collected agricultural and pasture samples was done by water distillation with the help of a Celevenger device, and gas chromatography (GC/Mas) devices were used to identify essential oil compounds. In the essential oil of Zataria Multiflora Boiss. 40 compounds were identified in the crop sample and 32 compounds were identified in the sample collected from the pasture habitat. The yield percentage of essential oil in the planted sample is three and one-tenth percent and the most chemical compounds in it include linalool (54.33 percent), carvacrol (24.83 percent), and thymol (2.48 percent). In the essential oil of the pasture sample, the yield of essential oil is 1.71%, and the most important compounds of essential oil are thymol (51.20%), carvacrol (20.08%), paracimen (7.74%), and gamma-terpinene (7.25%). The comparison of two essential oils showed that Linalool and Carvacrol were the most compounds in the planted sample and Thymol and Carvacrol were the most compounds in the growing sample. Considering the economic importance of the Shirazi thyme plant, the high amount of thyme essential oil of the Shirazi cultivated sample compared to the pasture sample, also due to the high-value compounds of carvacrol and linalool in the cultivated sample, in order to survive and prevent the risk of extinction This valuable plant, it is suggested that the process of domesticating this species and introducing it to agricultural and pasture systems should be prioritized. https://novelhort.guilan.ac.ir/article_7773.html Hull-less seed Pumpkin is one of the species of the Cucurbitaceae family, which has a lot of nutritional and medicinal value. This plant has gained great economic importance in transformation industries due to its seeds without shells. It is very important to pay attention to the expansion of the production of such a product with value in addition to the desired yield. The amount of fruit and seed yield in this product is strongly influenced by the environmental factors of growth and cultivation. Selection of suitable cultivars with unique characteristics such as limited plant growth with increasing cultivated area improves yield. On the other hand, the shape and size of fruit and seeds and their relationship with the type of growth habit have a direct effect on increasing yield. It is necessary to pay attention to the ecological and nutritional needs in the production program of hull-less seed pumpkin so that knowing the proper growth temperature and observing the nutritional principles and necessary crop care at the right time is very important and leads to an increase in yield. https://novelhort.guilan.ac.ir/article_7915.html Supplemental lighting improves growth and yield of greenhouse vegetables such as sweet pepper, cucumber and tomato in all-year round. In the last decade, light emitting diodes (LED) have attracted a lot of attention as a suitable alternative to many other types of supplementary light sources. In general, LED lamps have advantages over existing common lamps, including: higher lifespan, higher light efficiency, more photosynthetically active radiation, special light spectrums, more precise control over wavelengths and light intensity, as well as production lower heat that allows LEDs to be placed near the plant or used in warm ambient conditions. Different spectrums of light cause different processes of plant growth. Therefore, the optimal light spectrum for the physiological processes and growth of different plants may be different. For high-hanging fruiting vegetables, such as tomatoes, sweet peppers and cucumbers, in the early stages of plant growth, it is very important to optimize the light spectrum to increase canopy growth. Once the plants reach full canopy, the focus should be on optimizing vertical light distribution to increase fruit growth that occurs in the middle and bottom canopy. This review clearly shows that, depending on the type of plant, optimal vertical light regimes can be developed to raise plant growth as well as fruit yield and quality in greenhouse vegetable production throughout the year. https://novelhort.guilan.ac.ir/article_7993.html The most suitable propagation method of Petunia is in vitro propagation. The present study reports the results of three experiments. These three experiments include investigating the effect of different concentrations of plant growth regulators; 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) (0, 0.4, 0.8 and 1.2 mg/l) and 2,4-D (0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 mg/l), using solid culture medium and two-phase culture system (solid or semi-solid and liquid culture medium) and using iron chelate Nano-fertilizer (0.05, 0.075, 0.1, 0.125 and 0.15 mg/l) were on micropropagation of Petunia Hybrid (Petunia × hybrida L. cv. ‘Opera’). Lateral buds cut from young seedlings grown in vitro at 30 days old, germinated from hybrid seeds on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, were used as explants. The results showed that the highest number of leaves (27.3) and the highest dry weight of the plant (0.32 g) were obtained in the medium without growth regulators (control). The highest number of nodes (13.3) and the longest root length (6.3 mm) were recorded in the medium enriched with 0.5 and 1.5 mg/l of 2,4-D, respectively. The highest dry weight of callus (0.28 g) was obtained from the application of BA at the concentration of 0.8 mg/l. The highest shoot length (17.16 mm) was recorded in the two-phase culture medium without growth regulators (control). The use of iron chelate Nano-fertilizer did not affect the main and important parameters of the micropropagation of Petunia and did not increase their efficiency.